地方副词会透露某事发生的大约位置,一般会放在主要动词之后,或者是该副词修饰的语句后。地方副词并不会修饰形容词或其他副词。
举例
- john looked around but he couldn't see the monkey.
- i searched everywhere i could think of.
- i'm going back to school.
- come in!
- they built a house nearby.
- she took the child outside.
「这里」和「那里」
here 和 there 是常见的地方副词,会透露出与讲话者的距离。当这类副词与行进动词一起使用时,here 有「朝向讲话者」丶「和讲话者一起」之意;而 there 有「远离讲话者」丶「没有和讲话者一起」之意 。
例句 | 意思 |
---|---|
come here! | 向我走过来。 |
the table is in here. | 跟我一起来,我们会一起去看到它。 |
put it there. | 把它放到远离我的地方。 |
the table is in there. | 走进去;你会自己看到。 |
here 和 there 会与介词搭配使用,形成许多常见的副词片语。
举例
- what are you doing up there?
- come over here and look at what i found!
- the baby is hiding down there under the table.
- i wonder how my driver's license got stuck under here.
当句子以惊叹号结尾,或是需要做出强调语气时,here 和 there 就会放在句首。如果主词是名词,句型会是副词 动词 主词;但如果主词是代词,句型就会是副词 代词 动词。
举例
- here comes the bus!
- there goes the bell!
- there it is!
- here they are!
可用作介词的地方副词
许多地方副词也可以用作介词。当它被用为介词的时候,后面就必须接一个名词。
字词 | 用作地方副词,修饰动词 | 用作介词 |
---|---|---|
around | the marble rolled around in my hand. | i am wearing a necklace around my neck. |
behind | hurry! you are getting behind. | let's hide behind the shed. |
down | mary fell down. | john made his way carefully down the cliff. |
in | we decided to drop in on jake. | i dropped the letter in the mailbox. |
off | let's get off at the next stop. | the wind blew the flowers off the tree. |
on | we rode on for several more hours. | please put the books on the table. |
over | he turned over and went back to sleep. | i think i will hang the picture over my bed. |
以 where 结尾的地方副词
以 where 结尾的地方副词表达出位置的概念,而非特指一个地点或方向。
举例
- i would like to go somewhere warm for my vacation.
- is there anywhere i can find a perfect plate of spaghetti around here?
- i have nowhere to go.
- i keep running in to sally everywhere!
以 wards 结尾的地方副词
以 wards 结尾的地方副词表达某个动作以特定方向移动。
举例
- cats don't usually walk backwards.
- the ship sailed westwards.
- the balloon drifted upwards.
- we will keep walking homewards until we arrive.
要注意:towards 是介词,而不是副词;因此它的后面一律要接名词或代词。
举例
- he walked towards the car.
- she ran towards me.
表达动作和地点的地方副词
有些地方副词可以同时表达动作和地点。
举例
- the child went indoors.
- he lived and worked abroad.
- water always flows downhill.
- the wind pushed us sideways.