时间副词 | 英语文法指南 | ef-九游官网下载
时间副词会透露某个动作发生的时间丶持续多久丶频率多寡。
透露何时发生的副词
这类时间副词一般会放在句尾。
举例
- goldilocks went to the bears' house yesterday.
- i'm going to tidy my room tomorrow.
- i saw sally today.
- i will call you later.
- i have to leave now.
- i saw that movie last year.
把这类时间副词放在句尾，属于中立的作法；但这些副词也可以放在其他位置，只是强调的事情会不太一样。如果把这类副词放在句首，则是强调时间的要素。在正式书写上，有些时间副词也可以放在主要动词前，而其他时间副词则不能放在这个位置。
举例
- later goldilocks ate some porridge.（时间很重要）
- goldilocks later ate some porridge.（这种写法较正式，类似警察做的笔录）
- goldilocks ate some porridge later.（中立的写法，没有特别强调哪个字）
透露持续时间的副词
这类副词通常会放在句尾。
举例
- she stayed in the bears' house all day.
- my mother lived in france for a year.
- i have been going to this school since 1996.
在这类副词片语中，for 的后面一律接一段时间；而 since 后面一律接一个时间点。
举例
- i stayed in switzerland for three days.
- i am going on vacation for a week.
- i have been riding horses for several years.
- the french monarchy lasted for several centuries.
- i have not seen you since monday.
- jim has been working here since 1997.
- there has not been a more exciting discovery since last century.
透露频率多寡的副词
这类副词透露某个动作发生的频率，一般放在主要动词前，或是助动词（如 be丶have丶may丶must 等）之后。唯一的例外，就是当主要动词为 be 动词时，副词才会接在主要动词后。
举例
- i often eat vegetarian food.
- he never drinks milk.
- you must always fasten your seat belt.
- i am seldom late.
- he rarely lies.
这类副词有些可放在句首或句尾，有些则不行。当这些副词被放在句首或句尾时，副词的意思就会显得更强烈。
| 可用于两种位置的副词 | 意思显得较强烈的位置 | 意思显得较弱的位置 |
|---|---|---|
| frequently | i visit france frequently. | i frequently visit france. |
| generally | generally, i don't like spicy foods. | i generally don't like spicy foods. |
| normally | i listen to classical music normally. | i normally listen to classical music. |
| occasionally | i go to the opera occasionally. | i occasionally go to the opera. |
| often | often, i jog in the morning. | i often jog in the morning. |
| regularly | i come to this museum regularly. | i regularly come to this museum. |
| sometimes | i get up very early sometimes. | i sometimes get up very early. |
| usually | i enjoy being with children usually. | i usually enjoy being with children. |
有些频率副词则表达动作发生的确切次数，这些副词通常会放在句尾。
举例
- this magazine is published monthly.
- he visits his mother once a week.
- i work five days a week.
- i saw the movie seven times.
yet 的用法
yet 用在问句或否定句，放在 not 的后面，则表示某件事尚未发生；而放在问句的句尾，则是询问某件可能还没发生丶却期待发生的事。
举例
- have you finished your work yet? (= 单纯询问资讯)
- no, not yet. (= 单纯否定答句)
- they haven't met him yet. (= 单纯否定陈述句)
- haven't you finished yet? (= 表达惊讶)
still 的用法
still 表达的是持续性。在肯定句中，still 会放在主要动词前，或是 be丶have丶might丶will 等助动词后。但如果主要动词是 be 动词，则将 still 放在助动词后。在问句中，still 就要放在主要动词前。
举例
- she is still waiting for you.
- jim might still want some.
- do you still work for the bbc?
- are you still here?
- i am still hungry.
时间副词的顺序
如果要在一个句子中使用多个时间副词，就使用此顺序：
1: 多久 2: 频率 3: 何时
举例
- 1 2 : i work (1) for five hours (2) every day
- 2 3 : the magazine was published (2) weekly (3) last year.
- 1 3 : i was abroad (1) for two months (3) last year.
- 1 2 3 : she worked in a hospital (1) for two days (2) every week (3) last year.