过去完成进行时 | 英语文法指南 | ef-九游官网下载
过去完成进行时的作用
过去完成进行时相应于现在完成进行时，但涉及比「过去」还要更早的时间。至于现在完成进行时，我们更强调过程。
举例
- had you been waiting long before the taxi arrived?
- we had been trying to open the door for five minutes when jane found her key.
- it had been raining hard for several hours and the streets were very wet.
- her friends had been thinking of calling the police when she walked in.
这个型态也用于转述句。相当于直述句中的过去进行时和现在完成进行时：
- jane said, "i have been gardening all afternoon." = jane said she had been gardening all afternoon.
- when the police questioned him, john said, "i was working late in the office that night." = when the police questioned him, john told them he had been working late in the office that night.
过去完成进行时的构成
过去完成进行时是由两个要素构成——be 动词的过去完成时 (=had been) 现在分词（动词原型 ing）。
| 主词 | had been | 动词原型 ing |
|---|---|---|
| i | had been | walking |
| 肯定句 | ||
| she | had been | trying |
| 否定句 | ||
| she | hadn't been | sleeping |
| 疑问句 | ||
| had you | been | eating? |
| 否定疑问句 | ||
| hadn't they | been | living? |
过去完成进行时，以 to buy 为例
| 肯定句 | 否定句 | 疑问句 |
|---|---|---|
| i had been buying | i hadn't been buying | had i been buying? |
| you had been buying | you hadn't been buying | had you been buying? |
| she had been buying | she hadn't been buying | had she been buying? |
| we had been buying | we hadn't been buying | had we been buying? |
| they had been buying | they hadn't been buying | had they been buying? |