型态
在第三类条件句中,会用到条件式完成进行时。
if 子句(条件/情况) | 主要子句(结果) |
---|---|
if 过去完成时 | 条件式完成进行时 |
if this thing had happened | that thing would have been happening. |
作用
完成进行时可以用在第三类条件句,论及 if 子句中的动作未达成的后果,并将这样的后果以未完成或持续进行的动作来表达。
举例
- if the weather had been better(但没有), i'd have been sitting in the garden when he arrived(但我没有).
- if she hadn't got a job in london(但她有), she would have been working in paris(但她没有).
- if i had had a ball i would have been playing football.
- if i had known it was dangerous i wouldn't have been climbing that cliff.
条件式完成进行时
任何动作的条件式完成进行时都是由四个要素组成:
would have been 现在分词
现在分词的构成是取动词的原型,并在字尾加上 ing。
主词 | would | have | been | 现在分词 |
---|---|---|---|---|
he | would | have | been | staying |
they | would | have | been | going |
条件式完成进行时,以 to work 为例:
肯定句 | 否定句 | 疑问句 | 否定疑问句 |
---|---|---|---|
i would have been living | i wouldn't have been living | would i have been living? | wouldn't i have been living? |
you would have been living | you wouldn't have been living | would you have been living? | wouldn't you have been living? |
he would have been living | he wouldn't have been living | would he have been living? | wouldn't he have been living? |
she would have been living | she wouldn't have been living | would she have been living? | wouldn't she have been living? |
we would have been living | we wouldn't have been living | would we have been living? | wouldn't we have been living? |
they would have been living | they wouldn't have been living | would they have been living? | wouldn't they have been living? |