一般过去时 | 英语文法指南 | ef-九游官网下载
一般过去时的作用
一般过去时用来谈论以前完成的动作。持续多久并不重要，动作的发生时间可能是不久之前或很久以前。
举例
- john cabot sailed to america in 1498.
- my father died last year.
- he lived in fiji in 1976.
- we crossed the channel yesterday.
每当谈到某事发生的时间，一律要用一般过去时；因此它和过去特定的时间词有关。
-
频率：often, sometimes, always
i sometimes walked home at lunchtime.
i often brought my lunch to school. -
明确的时间点：last week, when i was a child, yesterday, six weeks ago
we saw a good film last week.
yesterday, i arrived in geneva.
she finished her work atseven o'clock
i went to the theatre last night - 不明确的时间点：the other day, ages ago, a long time ago people lived in caves a long time ago.
- she played the piano when she was a child.
注：「ago」这个字非常好用，可以表达现在到过去的时间有多长。ago 一律放在一段时间之后：a week ago、three years ago、a minute ago 等。
要注意：也许在您的母语中，也有与英语中的一般过去时类似的时态；但意思上不见得相同。
一般过去时的构成
规则动词在一般过去时的型态
| 肯定句 | ||
| 主词 | 动词原型 ed | |
| i | skipped. | |
| 否定句 | ||
| 主词 | did not | 不带有 to 的不定词 |
| they | didn't | go. |
| 疑问句 | ||
| did | 主词 | 不带有 to 的不定词 |
| did | she | arrive? |
| 否定疑问句 | ||
| did not | 主词 | 不带有 to 的不定词 |
| didn't | you | play? |
to walk
| 肯定句 | 否定句 | 疑问句 |
|---|---|---|
| i walked | i didn't walk | did i walk? |
| you walked | you didn't walk | did you walk? |
| he walked | he didn't walk | did he walk? |
| we walked | we didn't walk | did we walk? |
| they walked | they didn't walk | did they walk? |
to be丶to have丶to do 的一般过去时
| 主词 | 动词 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| be | have | do | |
| i | was | had | did |
| you | were | had | did |
| he/she/it | was | had | did |
| we | were | had | did |
| you | were | had | did |
| they | were | had | did |
肯定句丶否定句和疑问句的额外补充
肯定句
一般过去时的肯定句非常简单。
- i was in japan last year
- she had a headache yesterday.
- we did our homework last night.
否定句和疑问句
「do」为一般动词，在一般过去时上，否定句和疑问句会用到助动词「do」。例如：we didn't do our homework last night.
在一般过去时的「have」否定型态，通常以助动词「do」构成，但有时候只要加「not」或缩写「n't」即可。
在一般过去时的「have」疑问型态，一般会使用助动词「do」。
举例
- they weren't in rio last summer.
- we didn't have any money.
- we didn't have time to visit the eiffel tower.
- we didn't do our exercises this morning.
- were they in iceland last january?
- did you have a bicycle when you were young?
- did you do much climbing in switzerland?
注：对于所有一般过去时的动词，在否定型态和疑问型态上，一律用助动词「did」。
一般过去时的不规则动词
一般过去时有几个不规则动词，以下是几个最常用的不规则动词。
to go
- he went to a club last night.
- did he go to the cinema last night?
- he didn't go to bed early last night.
to give
- we gave her a doll for her birthday.
- they didn't give john their new address.
- did barry give you my passport?
to come
- my parents came to visit me last july.
- we didn't come because it was raining.
- did he come to your party last week?