第二类条件句 | 英语文法指南 | ef-九游官网下载
型态
在第二类条件句中，if 子句使用的时态是一般过去时，而主要子句的时态是条件式现在时或条件式现在进行时。
| if 子句（条件/情况） | 主要子句（结果） |
|---|---|
| if 一般过去时 | 条件式现在时或条件式现在进行时 |
| if this thing happened | that thing would happen. |
就如所有条件句，子句的顺序并没有硬性规定。当您要改变子句的顺序时，必须重新安排代词的位置，以及调整标点符号，但意思基本上是一样的。
举例
- if it rained, you would get wet.
- you would get wet if it rained.
- if you went to bed earlier you wouldn't be so tired.
- you wouldn't be so tired if you went to bed earlier.
- if she fell, she would hurt herself.
- she would hurt herself if she fell.
作用
第二类条件句论及不可能或假设性的情况，以及该情况可能会有的结果，这类句子并非根据实际情况。在第二条件句的时间指的是现在或任何时候，而情况是假设的。
举例
- if the weather wasn't so bad, we would go to the park.（但天气太糟所以我们不能去）
- if i was the queen of england, i would give everyone a chicken.（但我并不是皇后）
- if you really loved me, you would buy me a diamond ring.
- if i knew where she lived, i would go and see her.
「if i were」是正确的，也很普遍；而「if i was」并不属于条件句或虚拟语气的用法。
举例
- if i were taller, i would buy this dress.
- if i were 20, i would travel the world.
- if i were you, i would give up smoking.
- if i were a plant, i would love the rain.
在第二类条件句中，您也可以在主要子句用情态助词取代 would，以表达肯定程度丶允诺或有关结果的建议。
举例
- we might buy a larger house if we had more money
- he could go to the concert if you gave him your ticket.
- if he called me, i couldn't hear.
条件式现在时
任何动词的现在条件式都是以两个要素组成：
would 主要动词不定词（不带有 to）
| 主词 | would | 不定词 |
|---|---|---|
| he | would | go |
| they | would | stay |
条件式现在时，以 to go 为例
| 肯定句 | 否定句 | 疑问句 | 否定疑问句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| i would go | i wouldn't go | would i go? | wouldn't i go? |
| you would go | you wouldn't go | would you go? | wouldn't you go? |
| he would go | he wouldn't go | would he go? | wouldn't he go? |
| she would go | she wouldn't go | would she go? | wouldn't she go? |
| we would go | we wouldn't go | would we go? | wouldn't we go? |
| they would go | they wouldn't go | would they go? | wouldn't they go? |