型态
在零条件句中,两个子句都是用一般现在时。
if 子句(条件/情况) | 主要子句(结果) |
---|---|
if 一般现在时 | 一般现在时 |
if this thing happens | that thing happens. |
就如所有条件句,子句的顺序并没有硬性规定。当您要改变子句的顺序时,必须重新安排代词的位置,以及调整标点符号,但意思基本上是一样的。在零条件句中,由于两个子句表达的都是事实,因此把「if」换为「when」并不会改变意思。
举例
- if you heat ice, it melts.
- ice melts if you heat it.
- when you heat ice, it melts.
- ice melts when you heat it.
- if it rains, the grass gets wet.
- the grass gets wet if it rains.
- when it rains, the grass gets wet.
- the grass gets wet when it rains.
作用
零条件句是用来陈述实际的情况,一般论及真理,好比科学现象。在这些句子中,时间是指现在或任何时候,而情况是实际且可能的。
举例
- if you freeze water, it becomes a solid.
- plants die if they don't get enough water.
- if my husband has a cold, i usually catch it.
- if public transport is efficient, people stop using their cars.
- if you mix red and blue, you get purple.
零条件句时常被用在给予指令,在主要子句会用命令/期使句。
举例
- if bill phones, tell him to meet me at the cinema.
- ask pete if you're not sure what to do.
- if you want to come, call me before 5:00.
- meet me here if we get separated.